Avis d’appel d’offres lancé par Oxfam : Expériences d’implication de la société civile dans les plans nationaux sur le climat à Nairobi, Kenya.

Avis d’appel d’offres lancé par Oxfam : Expériences d’implication de la société civile dans les plans nationaux sur le climat à Nairobi, Kenya.

 

 

 

 

 

 

1. A CONTEXTUAL BACKGROUND ON NDC’s

Many countries have now submitted their updated National Determined Contributions (NDCs) to the UN in line with the 2020 deadline[1].These documents are public commitments, and follow a relatively fixed format, which makes them comparable at international level. But they also represent the outcome of a national process. In some cases, the process to create and update the NDCs has been participatory and inclusive of a wide range of stakeholders, but in others the process has been less inclusive. With weak participation by civil society and other stakeholders, there may be:

• Less ownership for, or awareness of the NDC commitments from stakeholders across society.
• Risky or far-reaching plans being included in the NDC (such as land-intensive carbon-offset projects or massive transformation of food, agriculture, and energy sectors) without considering the impacts on affected sectors.
• Commitments on mitigation or adaptation which fall short of the civil society demands for climate justice
• Failure to credibly consider and address gender, ethnicity, regions, conflict dynamics etc.
• Plans which are inadequately costed; or where the international finance needed (vs. domestic finance) is not indicated.

Exclusion from the NDC process endangers parts of the population who are particularly vulnerable to the impacts of climate change, but who may remain unsupported, for instance, in terms of climate adaptation plans. It is therefore important to understand how inclusive NDC processes have been, and important questions remain about whether the quality of national climate responses can be improved through empowering understanding and engagement in NDCs by civil society, and by women, youth and indigenous peoples.

3. AUDIENCE AND USE:

The primary audience for this research is Oxfam as well as civil society, including partners of Oxfam, governments updating or implementing their NDCs, experts who are assisting governments with their NDC, donors who are providing climate finance to support conditional financial needs expressed in NDCs, policy makers and influencers.

4. PURPOSE AND OBJECTIVES OF THE ASSESSMENT/CONSULTANCY:

A literature review to assess what is already published on the participatory nature of NDC processes in Kenya in order to:

• To get a more detailed picture of how participatory and inclusive NDCs have been developed in Kenya
• To determine if lack of participation by civil society has been a widespread problem in the way NDCs have been prepared, and to understand the implications of this.

Why now? In 2023 NDCs will be looked at in the Global Stocktake, a process under which all progress toward UN climate change targets is to be considered. That makes 2023 an opportune moment to consider how well owned and rooted the NDCs are at national level, and to push for improvements.

5. SCOPE OF THE STUDY.

NDCs are failing to be genuinely inclusive. We need to convene and empower a wide range of CSO actors in developing countries (e.g., women’s rights orgs, land rights movements, indigenous peoples, farmer organizations, journalist networks etc.) to engage more deeply in the development, implementation and monitoring of national climate plans (which, through NDCs, are formal government commitments under the UNFCCC Paris Agreement). The study will focus on national level action plans, county agreements and plans in Nairobi, Turkana and Kwale.

6. RESEARCH QUESTIONS:

Part 1: Description of the NDC’s Process So Far.

What was the process to develop NDCs so far? Will consider

Timeline highlighting consultation rounds with civil society. Civil society (CS) includes, but is not limited to, NGOs and NGO platforms, youth and women’s rights organisations, community organisations, indigenous peoples, sectorial organisations, independent right-holders, movements, or other members of society. Which are the key responsible stakeholders who lead the process (Ministries, consultants, others?) Which members of civil society have been involved in the process, highlighting at what stage where they involved?

How many civil society consultations can be identified? How was CS consulted? Will consider:

What input by CS was sought? How much space was given for CS to influence and participate? In which language were the consultations made, local or foreign? Has the process also addressed the financial aspects of the NDC, including spending priorities? Was this part of the consultation? Has the process respected the right of free, prior and informed consent (FPIC) for indigenous peoples? Does the process include notifying members of society about how their input was effectively taken into consideration, and about the outcomes from participatory process?

Part 2: Assessing Participation

Were relevant groups included? Were relevant groups who should have been included left out? Were CS perspectives actively excluded or side-lined? Was civil society participation in the NDC process sufficient?

Part 3: Reflections and Conclusions

Have consultation processes involved different stakeholders to promote transparency, minimize inequality, and avoid the exercise of undue economic or political influence in the design and implementation of the NDC? Do NDCs lay out the mechanisms for guaranteeing the effective participation of the public in decisions related to the NDC? Have participatory processes taken place along reasonable timeframes ensuring meaningful and effective participation?

7. GENDER

The paper assesses the inclusiveness of NDCs, and the research will consider the extent to which women’s rights organizations have been invited or involved in the NDC process.

8. SAMPLING AND METHODOLOGY

Proposed Study methodology

The consultant will be expected to undertake a qualitative methodology focusing on desktop research and Key Informant Interviews (virtually) with the relevant stakeholders. The final methodology will be agreed upon with Oxfam and the consultant at inception phase.

Gender Sensitive methodology: The consultant will adopt gender equality principles that will aim to address any gender biases that may arise during the study.

Data collection tools and Instruments: The identified consultant will develop relevant data collection tools and identify the appropriate means for collecting the data which will be discussed and agreed with, prior to the data collection exercise.

The data will be analysed using appropriate data analysis packages. The data should be presented in a logical, meaningful, reader friendly and simple language on a date agreed with Oxfam.

Ethical Considerations:  The consultant will put in place measures to ensure data collection adheres to all necessary ethics and guidelines provided by local laws on data protection, the GDPR and ethics standards.

Research Principles and Approach: The research approach will be informed by a feminist participatory action research model. Grounded in principles of empowerment, accountability, respect and transparency.

9. DELIVERABLES

Output 1: The consulting firm/bidder will submit a comprehensive research report in both electronic version and signed hard copy. The document should be very precise and address each specific objective.

The consulting firm/bidder will submit the following:

1. Inception report on the execution of the assignment within five days of the commencement of the consultancy; setting out how they will approach the assignment, proposed methodology and timetable and data collection tool
2. Share transcripts with Oxfam and agree on the final discussion/Interview guide that includes signed consent forms from the Key Informant Interviews with detailed understanding of their data rights as per the General Data Protection Regulations (2016).
3. Draft comprehensive research report which should include at least the following:

• Executive summary (2-3 pages)
• Introduction
• Purpose and objectives
• Methodology
• Findings
• Conclusion and recommendations

Output 2: The consulting firm/bidder will produce a database for the key Informants Interviewed and deliver with draft assessment report.

Output 3: The consulting firm/bidder will deliver a high-quality Power-Point presentation of the report before finalizing the assignment.

Output 4: Facilitate a stakeholder validation workshop to receive input and feedback from Oxfam.

Output 5: Final report, incorporating Oxfam’s, partners’, and stakeholders’ input, completed after input is received.

The written report will be:

• Produced in English language and using accessible and concise language.
• The report format and text shall be in A4 paper size and a legible Arial 12 font size.

• The research report should not be more than 8000 words
  • At least one signed hard copy and one electronic copy by the agreed deadline.

10. SKILLS AND EXPERIENCE OF CONSULTANT

The desired specification and qualities of the consultant(s) are as hereunder:

• At least 5 years of experience in conducting comprehensive studies or assessments on various aspects, preferably in related climate governance and NDC processes using advanced research methodologies.
• Knowledge and experience in climate change and governance issues and environmental management.
• At least a master’s degree in Social Sciences (Climate Change or Natural Resources Governance would be an added advantage) for the lead consultant and a minimum of bachelor’s degree on the relevant academic areas for research assistants will be an added advantage.
• Demonstrated experience in conducting climate governance studies.
• Experience of effective interaction with private and national institutions, both government and financial on climate governance issues.
• Be conversant with current Climate Change laws, policies, and practice in Kenya.
• Practical application of cross cutting themes like gender mainstreaming M&E, Advocacy.
• Excellent report writing qualitative data collection and analytical skills.
• Experience in working with international and national organizations to work within limited time frame
• In-depth knowledge and experience on using participatory research methods (key informant interviews).

The total study period is 22 days that include preparation, data analysis and report writing. The expected date of the start of the study is 10^th July 2023 and NDC’s study report will be produced on 31^st July 2023.

How to apply:

Oxfam Kenya invites individuals who meet the criteria to submit Expression of Interest that clearly articulates the consultant(s) understanding of the terms of reference, methodology for executing the work including key deliverables and tentative budget should and clearly indicated “People’s NDCS? Experiences of Civil Society Involvement in National Climate Plans – The Case Of Kenya” . Please share a revised workplan and tentative budget based on the revised scope. Expression of Interests shall be sent to [email protected], no later than close of business on 4^th July 2023.  Only applicants who qualify will be contacted.

Application process